Analysis Of HIV/AIDS Spread Patterns in Central Java Using Agent-Based Simulation

Abstract

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a virus that attacks the immune system, especially CD4 cells, leading to increased susceptibility to various infections and diseases. If left untreated, HIV can progress to Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), which is characterized by severe damage to the immune system. In Indonesia, the first HIV case was reported in Bali in 1987. Since then, the number of HIV/AIDS cases has continued to grow, posing a significant challenge to public health. Several factors, such as low public awareness, stigma towards people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA), as well as limited access to health services, especially in remote areas, contribute to the increase in cases. The Indonesian government has made various efforts to address the HIV/AIDS epidemic, including the provision of testing and counseling services, antiretroviral (ARV) treatment, awareness campaigns, and cross-sector cooperation. However, challenges such as stigma, lack of public awareness, and uneven access to health services still have to be overcome. Central Java Province is one of the provinces with the highest number of HIV/AIDS cases in Indonesia, after DKI Jakarta, with the number of cases increasing every year.